-
1 speak
1 parler [language] ; can you speak English? parlez-vous (l')anglais? ; ‘French spoken’ ( sign) ‘on parle français’ ; English as it is spoken l'anglais tel qu'on le parle ; people who speak the same language lit, fig des gens qui parlent le même langage ;2 (tell, utter) dire [truth, poetry] ; prononcer [word, name] ; to speak one's mind dire ce qu'on pense.1 ( talk) parler (to à ; about, of de) ; to speak in a soft/deep voice parler bas/d'une voix profonde ; to speak in German/Russian parler (en) allemand/russe ; to speak in a whisper parler tout bas, chuchoter ; to speak ill/well of sb dire du mal/du bien de qn ; to speak through parler par l'intermédiaire de [medium, interpreter] ; to speak with one's mouth full parler la bouche pleine ; speak when you're spoken to! réponds quand on te parle! ; I've spoken to them severely and they've apologized je leur ai parlé sévèrement et ils se sont excusés ; who's speaking please? ( on phone) qui est à l'appareil s'il vous plaît? ; (this is) Camilla speaking c'est Camilla, Camilla à l'appareil ; ‘is that Miss Durham?’-‘speaking!’ ‘Mademoiselle Durham?’-‘c'est moi!’ ; I'm speaking from a phone box j'appelle d'une cabine téléphonique ; this is your captain speaking Aviat ici le commandant de bord ; speaking of which, have you booked a table? tiens, ça m'a fait penser, as-tu réservé une table? ; speaking of lunch, Nancy… à propos du déjeuner, Nancy… ; she is well spoken of in academic circles elle est bien considérée dans le milieu universitaire ; he spoke very highly of her/her talents il a parlé d'elle/de ses talents en termes très élogieux ; he spoke of selling the house/leaving the country il a parlé de vendre la maison/de quitter le pays ; to speak as sth (parler) en tant que qch ; speaking as a layman… en tant que non-spécialiste… ; speaking personally, I hate him personnellement, je le déteste ; speaking personally and not for the company parlant en mon nom et pas en celui de l'entreprise ; generally speaking en règle générale ; roughly speaking en gros ; strictly speaking à proprement parler ; relatively speaking relativement parlant ; ecologically/politically speaking écologiquement/politiquement parlant, sur le plan écologique/politique ; metaphorically speaking pour employer une métaphore ; we've had no trouble to speak of nous n'avons pas eu de problème spécial ; they've got no money to speak of ils n'ont pour ainsi dire pas d'argent ; ‘what did you see?’-‘nothing to speak of’ ‘qu'est-ce que vous avez vu?’-‘rien de spécial’ ; not to speak of his poor mother/the expense sans parler de sa pauvre mère/du coût ; so to speak pour ainsi dire ;2 ( converse) parler (about, of de ; to, with à) ; they're not speaking (to each other) ils ne se parlent pas ; I can't remember when we last spoke je ne me rappelle plus quand nous nous sommes parlé pour la dernière fois ; I know her by sight but not to speak to je la connais de vue mais je ne lui ai jamais parlé ;3 ( make a speech) parler ; ( more formal) prendre la parole ; to speak from the floor Pol parler or prendre la parole de sa place ; to speak about ou on parler de [topic] ; to speak for parler en faveur de [view, opinion, party] ;4 ( express) littér to speak of témoigner de [suffering, effort, emotion] ; all creation spoke to me of love toute la création me parlait d'amour ; that look spoke louder than words ce regard était plus expressif que des mots ; the poem/music speaks to me in a special way le poème/la musique me touche profondément ;5 fig ( make noise) [gun] parler ; this clarinet speaks/does not speak easily il est facile/difficile de faire sortir un son de cette clarinette.■ speak for:▶ speak for [sth/sb]1 ( on behalf of) parler pour lit ; parler de fig ; it speaks well for their efficiency that they answered so promptly leur réponse rapide montre bien or prouve bien leur efficacité ; to speak for oneself s'exprimer ; let him speak for himself laissez-le s'exprimer ; speaking for myself… pour ma part… ; speak for yourself! parle pour toi! ; the facts speak for themselves les faits parlent d'eux-mêmes ;2 ( reserve) to be spoken for [object] être réservé or retenu ; [person] ne pas être libre ; that picture's already spoken for ce tableau est déjà réservé or retenu.■ speak out se prononcer (against contre ; in favour of en faveur de) ; don't be afraid! speak out! n'aie pas peur! exprime-toi!■ speak to:▶ speak to [sth] Admin commenter [item, motion] ; please speak to the point tenez-vous en au sujet s'il vous plaît.■ speak up1 ( louder) parler plus fort ; -
2 speak
speak [spi:k]• to speak to o.s. parler tout seul• speaking personally... personnellement...• speaking as a member of the society I... en tant que membre de la société je...• speaking! lui-même (or elle-même) !• Mr Latimer will speak next ensuite c'est M. Latimer qui prendra la parole► speaking• biologically/philosophically speaking biologiquement/philosophiquement parlant► speaking of► to speak for sb ( = be spokesman for) parler au nom de qn ; ( = give evidence for) parler en faveur de qn• speaking for myself... en ce qui me concerne...• he has no friends/money to speak of il n'a pour ainsi dire pas d'amis/d'argent[+ language] parler• "English spoken" « ici on parle anglais »3. noun= speak upa. ( = talk loudly) parler fort ; ( = raise one's voice) parler plus fort• speak up! (parle) plus fort ; ( = don't mumble) parle plus clairement !b. he's not afraid to speak up ( = say what he thinks) il n'a pas peur de dire franchement ce qu'il pense* * *[spiːk] 1.- speak combining form jargon m2.1) parler [language]‘French spoken’ — ‘on parle français’
2) (tell, utter) dire [truth, poetry]; prononcer [word, name]3.1) ( talk) parler (to à; about, of de)to speak ill/well of somebody — dire du mal/du bien de quelqu'un
to speak through — parler par l'intermédiaire de [medium, interpreter]
who's speaking please? — ( on phone) qui est à l'appareil s'il vous plaît?
‘is that Miss Durham?’ - ‘speaking!’ — ‘Mademoiselle Durham?’ - ‘c'est moi!’
this is your captain speaking — Aviation ici le commandant de bord
speaking of which, have you booked a table? — tiens, à propos, as-tu réservé une table?
speaking of lunch, Nancy... — à propos du déjeuner, Nancy...
speaking as a layman... — en tant que non-spécialiste...
2) ( converse) parler (about, of de; to, with à)3) ( make a speech) parler; ( more formal) prendre la paroleto speak from the floor — Politics parler de sa place
to speak about ou on — parler de
4) littérto speak of — témoigner de [suffering, emotion]
•Phrasal Verbs:- speak to- speak up -
3 Flaminia
1. I.Adj.: flaminia aedes domus flaminis Dialis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89, 10 Müll.; so, ex domo flaminia, id. s. v. ignem, p. 106, 4 Müll.; cf. in the foll.: flaminius camillus puer dicebatur ingenuus patrimes et matrimes, qui flamini Diali ad sacrificia praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 2 sq. Müll.:II.flaminius lictor est, qui flamini Diali sacrorum causa praesto est,
id. ib. —Subst.A.flāmĭnĭa, ae, f.1.the dwelling of the flamen Dialis:2.ignem e flaminia, id est flaminis Dialis domo, nisi sacrum efferri jus non est,
Gell. 10, 15, 7.—A young priestess who attended on the wife of the flamen Dialis: flaminia dicebatur sacerdotula, quae flaminicae Diali praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 6 Müll. (but perh., from the preceding words of Festus, we are to supply the word camilla, and to read flaminia camilla, like flaminius camillus; cf. Müll. ad loc.).—B.flămĭnĭum, ii, n., the office or dignity of flamen, Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 41; Liv. 26, 23, 8; Tac. A. 4, 16; Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 22.2.Flāmĭnĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens. So C. Flaminius Nepos, who, when censor, A.U.C. 534, built a circus and constructed a road, and, when consul, was overcome and slain by Hannibal at the lake of Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4 sq.; Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52; id. Div. 1, 35, 77; id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Brut. 14, 57; Nep. Hann. 4, 3.—II.Derivv.A.Flāmĭnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Flaminius, Flaminian:B.ea omnia in pratis Flaminiis acta, quem nunc Circum Flaminium appellant,
Liv. 3, 54, 15; cf. id. 3, 63, 7; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Sest. 14, 33 al.; Mart. 12, 74, 2; cf. Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 604; 608 and 667 sq.;2, 1, p. 361: via, leading from Rome to Ariminum,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22; id. Att. 1, 1, 2.—As subst.: Flāmĭnĭa, ae, sc. via, Mart. 8, 75, 2; along it stood many tombs;C.hence: quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina,
Juv. 1, 171.— -
4 flaminium
1. I.Adj.: flaminia aedes domus flaminis Dialis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89, 10 Müll.; so, ex domo flaminia, id. s. v. ignem, p. 106, 4 Müll.; cf. in the foll.: flaminius camillus puer dicebatur ingenuus patrimes et matrimes, qui flamini Diali ad sacrificia praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 2 sq. Müll.:II.flaminius lictor est, qui flamini Diali sacrorum causa praesto est,
id. ib. —Subst.A.flāmĭnĭa, ae, f.1.the dwelling of the flamen Dialis:2.ignem e flaminia, id est flaminis Dialis domo, nisi sacrum efferri jus non est,
Gell. 10, 15, 7.—A young priestess who attended on the wife of the flamen Dialis: flaminia dicebatur sacerdotula, quae flaminicae Diali praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 6 Müll. (but perh., from the preceding words of Festus, we are to supply the word camilla, and to read flaminia camilla, like flaminius camillus; cf. Müll. ad loc.).—B.flămĭnĭum, ii, n., the office or dignity of flamen, Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 41; Liv. 26, 23, 8; Tac. A. 4, 16; Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 22.2.Flāmĭnĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens. So C. Flaminius Nepos, who, when censor, A.U.C. 534, built a circus and constructed a road, and, when consul, was overcome and slain by Hannibal at the lake of Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4 sq.; Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52; id. Div. 1, 35, 77; id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Brut. 14, 57; Nep. Hann. 4, 3.—II.Derivv.A.Flāmĭnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Flaminius, Flaminian:B.ea omnia in pratis Flaminiis acta, quem nunc Circum Flaminium appellant,
Liv. 3, 54, 15; cf. id. 3, 63, 7; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Sest. 14, 33 al.; Mart. 12, 74, 2; cf. Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 604; 608 and 667 sq.;2, 1, p. 361: via, leading from Rome to Ariminum,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22; id. Att. 1, 1, 2.—As subst.: Flāmĭnĭa, ae, sc. via, Mart. 8, 75, 2; along it stood many tombs;C.hence: quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina,
Juv. 1, 171.— -
5 Flaminius
1. I.Adj.: flaminia aedes domus flaminis Dialis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89, 10 Müll.; so, ex domo flaminia, id. s. v. ignem, p. 106, 4 Müll.; cf. in the foll.: flaminius camillus puer dicebatur ingenuus patrimes et matrimes, qui flamini Diali ad sacrificia praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 2 sq. Müll.:II.flaminius lictor est, qui flamini Diali sacrorum causa praesto est,
id. ib. —Subst.A.flāmĭnĭa, ae, f.1.the dwelling of the flamen Dialis:2.ignem e flaminia, id est flaminis Dialis domo, nisi sacrum efferri jus non est,
Gell. 10, 15, 7.—A young priestess who attended on the wife of the flamen Dialis: flaminia dicebatur sacerdotula, quae flaminicae Diali praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 6 Müll. (but perh., from the preceding words of Festus, we are to supply the word camilla, and to read flaminia camilla, like flaminius camillus; cf. Müll. ad loc.).—B.flămĭnĭum, ii, n., the office or dignity of flamen, Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 41; Liv. 26, 23, 8; Tac. A. 4, 16; Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 22.2.Flāmĭnĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens. So C. Flaminius Nepos, who, when censor, A.U.C. 534, built a circus and constructed a road, and, when consul, was overcome and slain by Hannibal at the lake of Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4 sq.; Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52; id. Div. 1, 35, 77; id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Brut. 14, 57; Nep. Hann. 4, 3.—II.Derivv.A.Flāmĭnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Flaminius, Flaminian:B.ea omnia in pratis Flaminiis acta, quem nunc Circum Flaminium appellant,
Liv. 3, 54, 15; cf. id. 3, 63, 7; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Sest. 14, 33 al.; Mart. 12, 74, 2; cf. Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 604; 608 and 667 sq.;2, 1, p. 361: via, leading from Rome to Ariminum,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22; id. Att. 1, 1, 2.—As subst.: Flāmĭnĭa, ae, sc. via, Mart. 8, 75, 2; along it stood many tombs;C.hence: quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina,
Juv. 1, 171.— -
6 flaminius
1. I.Adj.: flaminia aedes domus flaminis Dialis, Paul. ex Fest. p. 89, 10 Müll.; so, ex domo flaminia, id. s. v. ignem, p. 106, 4 Müll.; cf. in the foll.: flaminius camillus puer dicebatur ingenuus patrimes et matrimes, qui flamini Diali ad sacrificia praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 2 sq. Müll.:II.flaminius lictor est, qui flamini Diali sacrorum causa praesto est,
id. ib. —Subst.A.flāmĭnĭa, ae, f.1.the dwelling of the flamen Dialis:2.ignem e flaminia, id est flaminis Dialis domo, nisi sacrum efferri jus non est,
Gell. 10, 15, 7.—A young priestess who attended on the wife of the flamen Dialis: flaminia dicebatur sacerdotula, quae flaminicae Diali praeministrabat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 93, 6 Müll. (but perh., from the preceding words of Festus, we are to supply the word camilla, and to read flaminia camilla, like flaminius camillus; cf. Müll. ad loc.).—B.flămĭnĭum, ii, n., the office or dignity of flamen, Cic. Phil. 13, 19, 41; Liv. 26, 23, 8; Tac. A. 4, 16; Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 10, 15, 22.2.Flāmĭnĭus, a, the name of a Roman gens. So C. Flaminius Nepos, who, when censor, A.U.C. 534, built a circus and constructed a road, and, when consul, was overcome and slain by Hannibal at the lake of Trasimenus, Liv. 22, 4 sq.; Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52; id. Div. 1, 35, 77; id. N. D. 2, 3, 8; id. Brut. 14, 57; Nep. Hann. 4, 3.—II.Derivv.A.Flāmĭnĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Flaminius, Flaminian:B.ea omnia in pratis Flaminiis acta, quem nunc Circum Flaminium appellant,
Liv. 3, 54, 15; cf. id. 3, 63, 7; Cic. Att. 1, 14, 1; id. Sest. 14, 33 al.; Mart. 12, 74, 2; cf. Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 604; 608 and 667 sq.;2, 1, p. 361: via, leading from Rome to Ariminum,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9, 22; id. Att. 1, 1, 2.—As subst.: Flāmĭnĭa, ae, sc. via, Mart. 8, 75, 2; along it stood many tombs;C.hence: quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina,
Juv. 1, 171.— -
7 Camillus
1.cămillus (also casmilus; cf. Camena and Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll.), i, m. [with difficulty connected with the Samothracian Kabiren-Hermes, Kadmilos and Kadmos; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, 3, § 34 Müll., and Macr. S. 3, 8; perh. dim. from root of Camena; cf. carmen], a noble youth employed in the sacrifices of the Flamen Dialis, and then, gen., in religious offices, Paul. ex Fest. p. 43 Müll.: hiberno pulvere, verno luto, grandia farra Camille metes, Poët. ib. p. 93. —The same verse is given with the expl., Camillus adulescens est, by Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 101:B.Romani pueros et puellas nobiles et investes Camillos et Camillas appellant, flaminicarum et flaminum praeministros,
Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; repeated by Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543; cf. also Paul. ex Fest. p. 63 Müll. s. v. cumeram.—= pusillus, small, Quint. 8, 3, 19.—II.camilla, ae, f., a maiden of unblemished birth and character: caelitum camilla, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 232 Rib.): = administra, since only such maidens were permitted to serve in the sacred rites, v. Varr. l. l.; Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543.2.Cămillus, i, m., a cognomen of several persons in the gens Furia;the most distinguished of whom was M. Furius Camillus,
who conquered Veii, and freed Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19, 2 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 6. -
8 camillus
1.cămillus (also casmilus; cf. Camena and Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll.), i, m. [with difficulty connected with the Samothracian Kabiren-Hermes, Kadmilos and Kadmos; cf. Varr. L. L. 7, 3, § 34 Müll., and Macr. S. 3, 8; perh. dim. from root of Camena; cf. carmen], a noble youth employed in the sacrifices of the Flamen Dialis, and then, gen., in religious offices, Paul. ex Fest. p. 43 Müll.: hiberno pulvere, verno luto, grandia farra Camille metes, Poët. ib. p. 93. —The same verse is given with the expl., Camillus adulescens est, by Serv. ad Verg. G. 1, 101:B.Romani pueros et puellas nobiles et investes Camillos et Camillas appellant, flaminicarum et flaminum praeministros,
Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; repeated by Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543; cf. also Paul. ex Fest. p. 63 Müll. s. v. cumeram.—= pusillus, small, Quint. 8, 3, 19.—II.camilla, ae, f., a maiden of unblemished birth and character: caelitum camilla, Pac. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 34 Müll. (Trag. Rel. v. 232 Rib.): = administra, since only such maidens were permitted to serve in the sacred rites, v. Varr. l. l.; Macr. S. 3, 8, 7; Serv. ad Verg. A. 11, 543.2.Cămillus, i, m., a cognomen of several persons in the gens Furia;the most distinguished of whom was M. Furius Camillus,
who conquered Veii, and freed Rome from the Gauls, Liv. 5, 19, 2 sq.; Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 6. -
9 Asper
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
10 asper
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
11 asperum
1.asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:I.aspris = asperis,
Verg. A. 2, 379;aspro = aspero,
Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).1.. Lit.:2.lingua aspera tactu,
Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:mixta aspera levibus,
Lucr. 2, 471:in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,
Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;lene, asperum,
id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,
Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.Leucas,
Luc. 1, 42:loca,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:viae asperae,
ib. Bar. 4, 26:vallis aspera,
ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:glacies,
Verg. E. 10, 49:hiems,
Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,
harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):aspera signis Pocula,
Verg. A. 9, 263:Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,
id. ib. 5, 267:signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,
Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:stantem extra pocula caprum,
Juv. 1, 76):Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,
Ov. M. 13, 701:aspera pocula,
Prop. 2, 6, 17:ebur,
Sen. Hippol. 899:balteus,
Val. Fl. 5, 578:cingula bacis,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:nummus,
not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:mare,
agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:barba,
Tib. 1, 8, 32:sentes,
Verg. A. 2, 379:rubus,
id. E. 3, 89:mucro,
Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:3.quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,
Mart. 11, 86, 1.—Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:II.latens in asperis radix,
Hor. Epod. 5, 67:aspera maris,
Tac. A. 4, 6:propter aspera et confragosa,
Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:per aspera et devia,
Suet. Tib. 60:erunt aspera in vias planas,
Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,
Tac. A. 3, 5.—Transf.1.Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:2.asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:asper sapor maris,
Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,
id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:asperrimum piper,
id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:acetum quam asperrimum,
id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:3. III.(pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,
Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,
Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,
Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—Trop.A.a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):b.quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,
Cic. Planc. 16, 40:orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,
id. Brut. 34, 129:aspera Juno,
Verg. A. 1, 279:juvenis monitoribus asper,
Hor. A. P. 163:patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,
Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:rebus non asper egenis,
Verg. A. 8, 365:cladibus asper,
exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,
unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:(Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,
Ov. M. 13, 803:Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,
Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:asper contemptor divom Mezentius,
Verg. A. 7, 647:aspera Pholoe,
coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,
Cic. Mur. 29:(Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,
id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):(Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,
Liv. 39, 40:(Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,
Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:Camilla aspera,
id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,
Just. 2, 3:virgo aspera,
i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:B.(anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,
Verg. G. 3, 434:bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,
id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:ille (lupus) asper Saevit,
Verg. A. 9, 62:lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,
Ov. M. 11, 402:ille (leo) asper retro redit,
Verg. A. 9, 794:tigris aspera,
Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:(equus) asper frena pati,
Sil. 3, 387.—Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):a.in periculis et asperis temporibus,
Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:venatus,
Verg. A. 8, 318:bellum,
Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:pugna,
Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:fata,
id. ib. 6, 882:odia,
id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:multa aspera,
Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,
Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:verba,
Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:vox,
Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—b. 1.Transf.:2.loqui,
Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:dicere,
id. 2, 8, 15:syllabae aspere coëuntes,
id. 1, 1, 37.—Trop.:2.aspere accipere aliquid,
Tac. A. 4, 31:aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:aspere agere aliquid,
Liv. 3, 50:aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,
Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:aspere et vehementer loqui,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:asperius loqui aliquid,
Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:asperius scribere de aliquo,
id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:asperrime loqui in aliquem,
Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:asperrime pati aliquid,
Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:asperrime saevire in aliquem,
Vell. 2, 7.Asper, eri, m.I.A cognomen of L. Trebonius:II.L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,
Liv. 3, 65, 4. —Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4. -
12 obvius
I.In gen.:II.si ille obvius ei futurus omnino non erat,
had no expectation of meeting him, Cic. Mil. 18, 47:dare se obvium alicui,
to meet a person, Liv. 1, 16:quo in loco inter se obvii fuissent,
had met each other, Sall. J. 79, 4:libellus insidiarum ab obvio quodam porrectus,
by one who met him, Suet. Caes. 81; cf. Quint. 10, 3, 29:cuicumque est obvia,
whomsoever she meets, Juv. 6, 412:cui mater mediā sese tulit obvia silvā,
met, Verg. A. 1, 314:obvia cui Camilla Occurrit,
id. ib. 11, 498: esse in obvio alicui, to be in the way of or where one can meet another, Liv. 37, 23; so, with ellips. of dat.:Brutidius meus ad Martis fuit obvius aram,
Juv. 10, 83:se gravissimis tempestatibus obvium ferre,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 7:agmen obviorum,
Suet. Calig. 13:obvii e diverso,
Plin. 8, 50, 76, § 201.—Of things:neque aranei tenvia fila Obvia sentimus,
Lucr. 3, 384:simulacra nobis,
id. 4, 37:obvias mihi litteras mittas,
send to meet, Cic. Att. 6, 5, 1; cf. id. ib. 6, 4, 3:ultroque ferebant Obvia securis ubera lactis oves,
offered, presented, Tib. 1, 3, 46: montes, qui obvii erant itineri adversariorum, which lay in their way, which they met or fell in with, Nep. Eum. 9:quaeque,
Val. Fl. 3, 583:obvia flamina,
Ov. M. 1, 528:obvius undis,
up the stream, id. ib. 11, 138:obviaque hospitiis teneat frondentibus arbos,
over against, opposite, Verg. G. 4, 24:aquilones,
contrary, adverse, Tac. A. 2, 54:prona cadit lateque et cominus obvia frangens,
every thing in its way, Cat. 64, 109.—In partic.A.In a bad sense, as an enemy, against, to meet or encounter:B.si ingredienti cum armatā manu obvius fueris,
Cic. Caecin. 27, 76:Jugurthae obvius procedit,
Sall. J. 21, 1:obvii hostibus,
id. ib. 50, 4:infestā subit obvius hastā,
Verg. A. 10, 877.—In a good sense.1.Easy of access, affable, courteous (perh. not ante-Aug.):2.est enim obvius, et expositus, plenusque humanitate,
Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 2.—Of inanim. and abstr. things, at hand, easy, ready, obvious:3.nec se obvias fuisse dicenti, sed conquisitas (figuras),
Quint. 9, 3, 5:quidquid venerit obvium loquamur,
Mart. 11, 7, 7:obvias opes deferre deos,
Tac. A. 16, 2:comitas,
id. ib. 2, 2:laudes,
common, Gell. 5, 1, 1:obvia et illaborata virtus,
easy, not difficult of attainment, Quint. 12, 2, 2:ex obvio fere victus (animalibus),
id. 2, 16, 14.—Of words, in constant use, common:4.est vestibulum in sermonibus celebre atque obvium verbum,
Macr. S. 6, 8, 15:municipes et municipia sunt verba dictu facilia et usu obvia,
Gell. 16, 13, 1; 18, 12, 10; cf.:obvium est dicere dimidiā,
id. 3, 14, 12.—Se dare obvium, to occur to one's mind or memory:C.licet omnes (versus) praesens memoria non suggerat, tamen, qui se dederint obvios, annotabo,
Macr. S. 5, 3, 1.—Lying open, i. e. exposed, obnoxious to an evil ( poet.):rupes Obvia ventorum furiis expostaque ponto,
Verg. A. 10, 694:melioribus opto Auspiciis et quae fuerit minus obvia Graiis,
id. ib. 3, 498:calvitium quoquoversus obvium,
i. e. exposed to the air, App. M. 11, p. 273 fin. -
13 obvius
obvius, a, um (ob u. via), begegnend, entgegen, I) eig.: obviae litterae, unterwegs eintreffende, Tac.: obv. esse alci, Cic., od. fieri, Liv., in den Wurf kommen, entgegentreten, begegnen: obvios esse inter se, einander begegnen, Sall.: quidquid concitatis equis obvium esset, alles, was dem Laufe der Rosse entgegenträte, Curt.: alqm obvium habere, Tac. u. Iustin.: se dare alci obvium, begegnen, Liv.: ebenso dari alci obvium, jmdm. in den Wurf kommen, begegnen, Liv.: obvium ire hosti, entgegenrücken, Curt: litteras obvias alci mittere, Cic.: litterae mihi volant obviae, Cic.: cui mater se tulit obvia, Verg.: obvia cui Camilla occurrit, Verg.: alci obvius eo, Ov.: poterisne rotatis obvius ire polis, ne te citus auferat axis, kannst du der Umdrehung der Pole entgegengehen, ohne daß dich ihr rascher Flug davonträgt, Ov.: in obvio classi esse, der Fl. begegnen, Liv.: nullo obvio hoste, da sich kein F. entgegenstellte, Curt.: quidquid venerit obvium loquamur, was uns vor den Mund kommt, Mart.: u. so in legendo esse obvium (aufstoßen), v. Wörtern, Gell. 18, 12, 10: u. se dare obvios, plötzlich einfallen, v. Versen, Macr. sat. 5, 3, 1. – subst., obvius, iī, m., der Begegnende, libellus ab obvio quodam porrectus, Suet.: oft Plur., obvios percunctari, Cic.: obvios non videre, Quint.: passim obvii (wer in den Weg kam) caedebantur, Curt.: stercore in vultum et pectus ab omnibus obviis appetitus, Eutr. – II) übtr.: 1) entgegen (im Wege, in der Nähe, zur Hand) befindlich, -liegend, montes, qui obvii erant itineri adversariorum, die dem Marsche der G. im Wege lagen, Nep.: cubiculum obvium soli, Plin. ep.: calvitium quoquoversus obvium, sichtbar, Apul.: quidquid obvium erat (zur Hand war), quo armari possent, arripiunt, Curt. – bes. von Wörtern, oft vorkommend, gang und gäbe, est ›vestibulum‹ in sermonibus celebre atque obvium verbum, Macr. sat. 6, 8, 15: ›municipes‹ et ›municipia‹ sunt verba dictu facilia et usu obvia, Gell. 16, 13, 1. – 2) ausgesetzt, preisgegeben, furiis ventorum, Verg.: Graiis, Verg. – 3) nahe liegend, leicht-, bald zur Hand, opes, Tac.: urbana crimina, quorum obvii testes erant, Tac.: virtutem obviam et illaboratam habere, ungesucht und ohne Mühe, Quint.: cuncta prompta et obvia habere, Tac. – m. folg. Infin., cum obvium proximumque esset dicere ›dimidiā etc.‹, Gell. 3, 14, 12. – 4) entgegen-, zuvorkommend, leicht zugänglich, gefällig, comitas, Tac.: voluntas, Quint. – v. Pers., est obvius et expositus, Plin. ep. – 5) sich leicht einfindend, sich aufdrängend, obviā rerum similitudine et satietate, Tac. ann. 4, 33: exemplum velut obviā assentatione conquirere, Plin. ep. 1, 8, 17.
-
14 obvius
obvius, a, um (ob u. via), begegnend, entgegen, I) eig.: obviae litterae, unterwegs eintreffende, Tac.: obv. esse alci, Cic., od. fieri, Liv., in den Wurf kommen, entgegentreten, begegnen: obvios esse inter se, einander begegnen, Sall.: quidquid concitatis equis obvium esset, alles, was dem Laufe der Rosse entgegenträte, Curt.: alqm obvium habere, Tac. u. Iustin.: se dare alci obvium, begegnen, Liv.: ebenso dari alci obvium, jmdm. in den Wurf kommen, begegnen, Liv.: obvium ire hosti, entgegenrücken, Curt: litteras obvias alci mittere, Cic.: litterae mihi volant obviae, Cic.: cui mater se tulit obvia, Verg.: obvia cui Camilla occurrit, Verg.: alci obvius eo, Ov.: poterisne rotatis obvius ire polis, ne te citus auferat axis, kannst du der Umdrehung der Pole entgegengehen, ohne daß dich ihr rascher Flug davonträgt, Ov.: in obvio classi esse, der Fl. begegnen, Liv.: nullo obvio hoste, da sich kein F. entgegenstellte, Curt.: quidquid venerit obvium loquamur, was uns vor den Mund kommt, Mart.: u. so in legendo esse obvium (aufstoßen), v. Wörtern, Gell. 18, 12, 10: u. se dare obvios, plötzlich einfallen, v. Versen, Macr. sat. 5, 3, 1. – subst., obvius, iī, m., der Begegnende, libellus ab obvio quodam porrectus, Suet.: oft Plur., obvios percunctari, Cic.: obvios non videre, Quint.: passim obvii (wer in den Weg kam) caedebantur, Curt.: stercore in vultum————et pectus ab omnibus obviis appetitus, Eutr. – II) übtr.: 1) entgegen (im Wege, in der Nähe, zur Hand) befindlich, -liegend, montes, qui obvii erant itineri adversariorum, die dem Marsche der G. im Wege lagen, Nep.: cubiculum obvium soli, Plin. ep.: calvitium quoquoversus obvium, sichtbar, Apul.: quidquid obvium erat (zur Hand war), quo armari possent, arripiunt, Curt. – bes. von Wörtern, oft vorkommend, gang und gäbe, est ›vestibulum‹ in sermonibus celebre atque obvium verbum, Macr. sat. 6, 8, 15: ›municipes‹ et ›municipia‹ sunt verba dictu facilia et usu obvia, Gell. 16, 13, 1. – 2) ausgesetzt, preisgegeben, furiis ventorum, Verg.: Graiis, Verg. – 3) nahe liegend, leicht-, bald zur Hand, opes, Tac.: urbana crimina, quorum obvii testes erant, Tac.: virtutem obviam et illaboratam habere, ungesucht und ohne Mühe, Quint.: cuncta prompta et obvia habere, Tac. – m. folg. Infin., cum obvium proximumque esset dicere ›dimidiā etc.‹, Gell. 3, 14, 12. – 4) entgegen-, zuvorkommend, leicht zugänglich, gefällig, comitas, Tac.: voluntas, Quint. – v. Pers., est obvius et expositus, Plin. ep. – 5) sich leicht einfindend, sich aufdrängend, obviā rerum similitudine et satietate, Tac. ann. 4, 33: exemplum velut obviā assentatione conquirere, Plin. ep. 1, 8, 17. -
15 carmen
1.carmen, ĭnis, n. (old form cas-men, Varr. L. L. p. 86 Bip.) [Sanscr. çasto [p. 293] declaim, praise; cf.: camilla, censeo], a tune, song; poem, verse; an oracular response, a prophecy; a form of incantation (cf.: cano, cantus, and canto).I.In gen., a tune, song, air, lay, strain, note, sound, both vocal and instrumental (mostly poet.; in prose, instead of it, cantus; cf.II.also versus, numeri, modi): carmen tuba ista peregit ( = sonus),
Enn. Ann. 508 Vahl.:carmine vocali clarus citharāque Philammon,
Ov. M. 11, 317; cf.vocum,
id. ib. 12, 157:per me (sc. Apollinem) concordant carmina nervis,
id. ib. 1, 518; cf. id. ib. 11, 5;5, 340: solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo Saepe queri,
Verg. A. 4, 462; so id. G. 4, 514; Ov. M. 10, 453:cygnorum,
id. ib. 5, 387; cf. id. ib. 14, 430; Mart. 13, 77:citharae liquidum carmen,
Lucr. 4, 981; cf. id. 2, 506; Hor. C. 1, 15, 15:lyrae carmen,
Prop. 2, 1, 9 Hertzb.:canere miserabile carmen,
Ov. M. 5, 118:harundineum,
id. Tr. 4, 1, 12:socialia carmina,
id. H. 12, 139:barbaricum,
id. M. 11, 163.—With allusion to playing on the cithara:hoc carmen hic tribunus plebis non vobis sed sibi intus canit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 68; cf. Aspendius.—Also the sound of waves, Claud. Cons. Mall. Th. 319; cf. Auct. Aetn. 295.—Esp., a composition in verse, a poem; poetry, verse, song, whether in a broader sense, of every kind of poetic production, epic, dramatic, lyric (opp. to prose and to cantus, the melody), or, in a more restricted sense, for lyric poetry.A.Cum hanc felicitatem non prosa modo multi sint consecuti sed etiam carmine, Quint. 10, 7, 19; cf. id. 1, 8, 2; 8, 6, 27; 10, 1, 95:B.perspicuum est, et cantus (melodies) tum fuisse rescriptos vocum sonis et carmina (words),
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 34; 3, 51, 197:carminibus cum res gestas coepere poetae Tradere,
Lucr. 5, 1444:Maeonii carminis alite,
Hor. C. 1, 6, 2:epicum carmen,
Quint. 10, 1, 62:heroici sublimitas,
id. 1, 8, 5; cf. Prop. 3 (4), 3, 16:Iliacum,
Hor. A. P. 129:historia quodammodo carmen solutum,
Quint. 10, 1, 31:Pierium,
Lucr. 1, 946; 4, 21:tragicum,
Hor. A. P. 220:carmina Livi,
id. Ep. 2, 1, 69; cf. Tac. A. 11, 13:Saliorum carmina,
Varr. L. L. 3, 26; 9, 61; Quint. 1, 6, 40; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86 Schmid.; cf. Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.:lyricorum carmina,
Quint. 9, 4, 53; Prop. 4 (5), 6, 32:Aeolium,
Hor. C. 3, 30, 13:Lydis remixto carmine tibiis,
id. ib. 4, 15, 30; cf. id. Epod. 9, 5:carmen funebre proprie Naenia,
Quint. 8, 2, 8:carmina quae in Phaeacum epulis canuntur,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71; cf. id. ib. 19, 75:lascivum,
Quint. 9, 4, 108:obscena,
satirical, abusive poems, libels, Prop. 1, 16, 10;the same: famosum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 31 Schmid.:malum,
id. ib. 2, 1, 153; id. S. 2, 1. 82 Heind.:obliquum,
Stat. S. 1, 2, 27:probrosum,
Tac. A. 4, 31; cf.:si quis carmen condidisset quod infamiam faceret flagitiumve alteri,
Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; and Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 259 sq.; Fischer ad Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4.—Phrases:canere,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71; Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.:cantare cui,
Hor. C. 3, 1, 4:cantitare,
Cic. Brut. 19, 75: CONDERE, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; Lucr. 5, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 82; id. A. P. 436:contexere,
Cic. Cael. 8, 18:disponere,
Lucr. 3, 420:pangere,
id. 1, 934; 4, 9:fingere,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 32; id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331:dicere,
id. C. 4, 12, 10; id. C. S. 8:dictare,
id. S. 1, 10, 75; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110:docere,
id. C. 2, 19, 1:ad umbilicum adducere,
id. Epod. 14, 7:deducere ad sua tempora,
Ov. M. 1, 4:fundere,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:componere ad lyram,
Quint. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. 11, 2, 11.—Esp.1.In a restricted sense for lyric or epic poetry:2. 3.carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur iambis,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 59 Schmid.; cf.:carmina compono, hic elegos,
id. ib. 2, 2, 91: amabile carmen, i. e. a love poem or song, id. ib. 1, 3, 24.—And opp. to the drama for an epic or lyric poem:fabula, quae versatur in tragoediis atque carminibus,
Quint. 2, 4, 2.—A poetic inscription:4.et tumulum facite et tumulo superaddite carmen: Daphnis ego, etc.,
Verg. E. 5, 42; id. A. 3, 287; Ov. M. 14, 442; id. F. 3, 547 al.—A response of an oracle, a prophecy, prediction:5.ultima Cumaei venit jam carminis aetas,
Verg. E. 4, 4; so Ov. M. 6, 582; Liv. 1, 45, 5; 23, 11, 4; 25, 12, 4; 29, 10, 6; 38, 45, 3; Tac. A. 3, 63; 4, 43; 6, 12 al.—A magic formula, an incantation: MALVM, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; cf.6.Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, a. ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 260: polleantne aliquid verba et incantamenta carminum,
Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 10: carmina vel caelo possunt deducere lunam;Carminibus Circe socios mutavit Ulixi,
Verg. E. 8, 69 sq.; so id. A. 4, 487; Hor. Epod. 5, 72; 17, 4; id. S. 1, 8, 19; Prop. 2 (3), 28, 35; Ov. M. 7, 137; 14, 58; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Tac. A. 2, 69; 4, 22 al.—On account of the very ancient practice of composing forms of religion and law in Saturnian verse, also a formula in religion or law, a form:7.diro quodam carmine jurare,
Liv. 10, 38, 10; 10, 41, 3; 31, 17, 9; 1, 24, 6 and 9; Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12:cruciatus carmina,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. id. Mur. 12, 26:lex horrendi carminis erat: duumviri perduellionem judicent, etc.,
of a dreadful form, Liv. 1, 26, 6:rogationis carmen,
id. 3, 64, 10.—Moral sentences composed in verses:2.Appii Caeci carmen,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4; cf.:liber Catonis qui inscriptus est Carmen de moribus,
Gell. 11, 2, 2:ut totum illud, VTI. LINGVA. NVNCVPASSIT., non in XII. tabulis, sed in magistri carmine scriptum videretur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245:necessarium,
id. Leg. 2, 23, 59. -
16 casmen
1.carmen, ĭnis, n. (old form cas-men, Varr. L. L. p. 86 Bip.) [Sanscr. çasto [p. 293] declaim, praise; cf.: camilla, censeo], a tune, song; poem, verse; an oracular response, a prophecy; a form of incantation (cf.: cano, cantus, and canto).I.In gen., a tune, song, air, lay, strain, note, sound, both vocal and instrumental (mostly poet.; in prose, instead of it, cantus; cf.II.also versus, numeri, modi): carmen tuba ista peregit ( = sonus),
Enn. Ann. 508 Vahl.:carmine vocali clarus citharāque Philammon,
Ov. M. 11, 317; cf.vocum,
id. ib. 12, 157:per me (sc. Apollinem) concordant carmina nervis,
id. ib. 1, 518; cf. id. ib. 11, 5;5, 340: solaque culminibus ferali carmine bubo Saepe queri,
Verg. A. 4, 462; so id. G. 4, 514; Ov. M. 10, 453:cygnorum,
id. ib. 5, 387; cf. id. ib. 14, 430; Mart. 13, 77:citharae liquidum carmen,
Lucr. 4, 981; cf. id. 2, 506; Hor. C. 1, 15, 15:lyrae carmen,
Prop. 2, 1, 9 Hertzb.:canere miserabile carmen,
Ov. M. 5, 118:harundineum,
id. Tr. 4, 1, 12:socialia carmina,
id. H. 12, 139:barbaricum,
id. M. 11, 163.—With allusion to playing on the cithara:hoc carmen hic tribunus plebis non vobis sed sibi intus canit,
Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 68; cf. Aspendius.—Also the sound of waves, Claud. Cons. Mall. Th. 319; cf. Auct. Aetn. 295.—Esp., a composition in verse, a poem; poetry, verse, song, whether in a broader sense, of every kind of poetic production, epic, dramatic, lyric (opp. to prose and to cantus, the melody), or, in a more restricted sense, for lyric poetry.A.Cum hanc felicitatem non prosa modo multi sint consecuti sed etiam carmine, Quint. 10, 7, 19; cf. id. 1, 8, 2; 8, 6, 27; 10, 1, 95:B.perspicuum est, et cantus (melodies) tum fuisse rescriptos vocum sonis et carmina (words),
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 3; id. de Or. 2, 8, 34; 3, 51, 197:carminibus cum res gestas coepere poetae Tradere,
Lucr. 5, 1444:Maeonii carminis alite,
Hor. C. 1, 6, 2:epicum carmen,
Quint. 10, 1, 62:heroici sublimitas,
id. 1, 8, 5; cf. Prop. 3 (4), 3, 16:Iliacum,
Hor. A. P. 129:historia quodammodo carmen solutum,
Quint. 10, 1, 31:Pierium,
Lucr. 1, 946; 4, 21:tragicum,
Hor. A. P. 220:carmina Livi,
id. Ep. 2, 1, 69; cf. Tac. A. 11, 13:Saliorum carmina,
Varr. L. L. 3, 26; 9, 61; Quint. 1, 6, 40; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 86 Schmid.; cf. Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.:lyricorum carmina,
Quint. 9, 4, 53; Prop. 4 (5), 6, 32:Aeolium,
Hor. C. 3, 30, 13:Lydis remixto carmine tibiis,
id. ib. 4, 15, 30; cf. id. Epod. 9, 5:carmen funebre proprie Naenia,
Quint. 8, 2, 8:carmina quae in Phaeacum epulis canuntur,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71; cf. id. ib. 19, 75:lascivum,
Quint. 9, 4, 108:obscena,
satirical, abusive poems, libels, Prop. 1, 16, 10;the same: famosum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 31 Schmid.:malum,
id. ib. 2, 1, 153; id. S. 2, 1. 82 Heind.:obliquum,
Stat. S. 1, 2, 27:probrosum,
Tac. A. 4, 31; cf.:si quis carmen condidisset quod infamiam faceret flagitiumve alteri,
Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; and Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 259 sq.; Fischer ad Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4.—Phrases:canere,
Cic. Brut. 18, 71; Liv. 1, 20, 4 al.:cantare cui,
Hor. C. 3, 1, 4:cantitare,
Cic. Brut. 19, 75: CONDERE, XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Rep. 4, 10, 12; Lucr. 5, 1; Hor. S. 2, 1, 82; id. A. P. 436:contexere,
Cic. Cael. 8, 18:disponere,
Lucr. 3, 420:pangere,
id. 1, 934; 4, 9:fingere,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 32; id. Ep. 2, 1, 227; id. A. P. 331:dicere,
id. C. 4, 12, 10; id. C. S. 8:dictare,
id. S. 1, 10, 75; id. Ep. 2, 1, 110:docere,
id. C. 2, 19, 1:ad umbilicum adducere,
id. Epod. 14, 7:deducere ad sua tempora,
Ov. M. 1, 4:fundere,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:componere ad lyram,
Quint. 1, 10, 29; cf. id. 11, 2, 11.—Esp.1.In a restricted sense for lyric or epic poetry:2. 3.carmine tu gaudes, hic delectatur iambis,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 59 Schmid.; cf.:carmina compono, hic elegos,
id. ib. 2, 2, 91: amabile carmen, i. e. a love poem or song, id. ib. 1, 3, 24.—And opp. to the drama for an epic or lyric poem:fabula, quae versatur in tragoediis atque carminibus,
Quint. 2, 4, 2.—A poetic inscription:4.et tumulum facite et tumulo superaddite carmen: Daphnis ego, etc.,
Verg. E. 5, 42; id. A. 3, 287; Ov. M. 14, 442; id. F. 3, 547 al.—A response of an oracle, a prophecy, prediction:5.ultima Cumaei venit jam carminis aetas,
Verg. E. 4, 4; so Ov. M. 6, 582; Liv. 1, 45, 5; 23, 11, 4; 25, 12, 4; 29, 10, 6; 38, 45, 3; Tac. A. 3, 63; 4, 43; 6, 12 al.—A magic formula, an incantation: MALVM, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, 4, § 17; cf.6.Fragm. XII. Tab. 8, 1, a. ap. Wordsw. Fragm. and Spec. p. 260: polleantne aliquid verba et incantamenta carminum,
Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 10: carmina vel caelo possunt deducere lunam;Carminibus Circe socios mutavit Ulixi,
Verg. E. 8, 69 sq.; so id. A. 4, 487; Hor. Epod. 5, 72; 17, 4; id. S. 1, 8, 19; Prop. 2 (3), 28, 35; Ov. M. 7, 137; 14, 58; Quint. 7, 3, 7; Tac. A. 2, 69; 4, 22 al.—On account of the very ancient practice of composing forms of religion and law in Saturnian verse, also a formula in religion or law, a form:7.diro quodam carmine jurare,
Liv. 10, 38, 10; 10, 41, 3; 31, 17, 9; 1, 24, 6 and 9; Plin. 28, 2, 3, § 12:cruciatus carmina,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 13; cf. id. Mur. 12, 26:lex horrendi carminis erat: duumviri perduellionem judicent, etc.,
of a dreadful form, Liv. 1, 26, 6:rogationis carmen,
id. 3, 64, 10.—Moral sentences composed in verses:2.Appii Caeci carmen,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 2, 4; cf.:liber Catonis qui inscriptus est Carmen de moribus,
Gell. 11, 2, 2:ut totum illud, VTI. LINGVA. NVNCVPASSIT., non in XII. tabulis, sed in magistri carmine scriptum videretur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 245:necessarium,
id. Leg. 2, 23, 59. -
17 dia
dīvus, a, um, also dīus, a, um, (without the digamma) adj. [dios], of or belonging to a deity, divine.I.Prop. (mostly archaic and poet.). As an adj. very rarely: res [p. 604] divas edicit, Naev. ap. Non. 197, 15; so,B. (α).diva caro,
Prud. Psych. 76: DIUM fulgur appellabant diurnum, quod putabant Jovis, ut nocturnum Summani, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 14 Müll.—Far more freq.,Form dīvus: si divus, si diva, esset, etc., a precatory formula in Liv. 7, 26; cf. ib. 29, 27; 8, 9:(β).is divus (sc. Apollo) exstinguet perduelles vestros, Carm. Marcii,
ib. 25, 12; cf.:dive, quem proles Niobea, etc.,
Hor. C. 4, 6, 1:mortalin' decuit violari vulnere divum?
Verg. A. 12, 797:utinam me divi adaxint ad suspendium,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 11:divi,
Lucr. 6, 387; Verg. A. 3, 363; 12, 28; Hor. C. 4, 2, 38 al.:divos,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 133; Cic. Leg. 2, 8; Verg. E. 1, 42; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 2, 8, 11; id. S. 2, 3, 176 et saep.: divumque hominumque pater, rex, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll.; Verg. A. 1, 65; 2, 648; 10, 2 et saep.:divom atque hominum clamat fidem,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 20; cf.:pro divum fidem,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 28;more rarely, divorum,
Verg. A. 7, 211:(munera) digna diva venustissima Venere,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 4:Turni sic est affata sororem Diva deam,
i. e. Juno, Verg. A. 12, 139; cf. id. ib. 1, 447;482: Diva Bona for Bona Dea,
Ov. F. 5, 148: divos scelerare parentes, the family gods = theoi patrôoi, Cat. 64, 404.—Form dīus: Dii Indigetes Diique Manes, a precatory formula in Liv. 8, 9: Dia Dearum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 22, ed. Vahl.); cf.:II.DEA DIA,
i. e. Ceres, Inscr. Orell. 961 and 1499: Venus pulcherrima dium, Enn. ap. Prob. ap. Verg. E. 6, 31.—Transf.A.Godlike, divine, an epithet applied to any thing deified or of extraordinary excellence or distinction:B.urbi Romae divae,
Liv. 43, 6; cf.sarcastically: est ergo flamen, ut Jovi, etc., sic divo Julio M. Antonius,
Cic. Phil. 2, 43: Romule die, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 115, ed. Vahl.): Ilia dia nepos, id. ap. Fest. p. 286, 16 Müll. (Ann. v. 56, ed. Vahl.):dia Camilla,
Verg. A. 11, 657:dias in luminis oras,
Lucr. 1, 22; so,Voluptas,
id. 2, 172:otia,
id. 5, 1389: profundum (cf. hals dia), Ov. M. 4, 537:sententia Catonis,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 32:poëmata,
Pers. 1, 31 et saep.—After the Aug. period divus became a frequent epithet for the deceased Roman emperors in the historians, and on coins and inscriptions, Suet. Dom. 23; Liv. Epit. 137.—dīvum, i, n., the sky, Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll.—Esp. freq., sub divo, like sub Jove, under the open sky, in the open air, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19 Zumpt N. cr.; Varr. L. L. l. l.; Cels. 1, 2; Suet. Caes. 72; Verg. G. 3, 435; Hor. C. 2, 3, 23 et saep.:sub divum rapiam,
id. ib. 1, 18, 13. -
18 divus
dīvus, a, um, also dīus, a, um, (without the digamma) adj. [dios], of or belonging to a deity, divine.I.Prop. (mostly archaic and poet.). As an adj. very rarely: res [p. 604] divas edicit, Naev. ap. Non. 197, 15; so,B. (α).diva caro,
Prud. Psych. 76: DIUM fulgur appellabant diurnum, quod putabant Jovis, ut nocturnum Summani, Paul. ex Fest. p. 75, 14 Müll.—Far more freq.,Form dīvus: si divus, si diva, esset, etc., a precatory formula in Liv. 7, 26; cf. ib. 29, 27; 8, 9:(β).is divus (sc. Apollo) exstinguet perduelles vestros, Carm. Marcii,
ib. 25, 12; cf.:dive, quem proles Niobea, etc.,
Hor. C. 4, 6, 1:mortalin' decuit violari vulnere divum?
Verg. A. 12, 797:utinam me divi adaxint ad suspendium,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 1, 11:divi,
Lucr. 6, 387; Verg. A. 3, 363; 12, 28; Hor. C. 4, 2, 38 al.:divos,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 133; Cic. Leg. 2, 8; Verg. E. 1, 42; id. A. 3, 222; Hor. C. 2, 8, 11; id. S. 2, 3, 176 et saep.: divumque hominumque pater, rex, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll.; Verg. A. 1, 65; 2, 648; 10, 2 et saep.:divom atque hominum clamat fidem,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 20; cf.:pro divum fidem,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 28;more rarely, divorum,
Verg. A. 7, 211:(munera) digna diva venustissima Venere,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 4:Turni sic est affata sororem Diva deam,
i. e. Juno, Verg. A. 12, 139; cf. id. ib. 1, 447;482: Diva Bona for Bona Dea,
Ov. F. 5, 148: divos scelerare parentes, the family gods = theoi patrôoi, Cat. 64, 404.—Form dīus: Dii Indigetes Diique Manes, a precatory formula in Liv. 8, 9: Dia Dearum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Müll. (Ann. v. 22, ed. Vahl.); cf.:II.DEA DIA,
i. e. Ceres, Inscr. Orell. 961 and 1499: Venus pulcherrima dium, Enn. ap. Prob. ap. Verg. E. 6, 31.—Transf.A.Godlike, divine, an epithet applied to any thing deified or of extraordinary excellence or distinction:B.urbi Romae divae,
Liv. 43, 6; cf.sarcastically: est ergo flamen, ut Jovi, etc., sic divo Julio M. Antonius,
Cic. Phil. 2, 43: Romule die, Enn. ap. Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64 (Ann. v. 115, ed. Vahl.): Ilia dia nepos, id. ap. Fest. p. 286, 16 Müll. (Ann. v. 56, ed. Vahl.):dia Camilla,
Verg. A. 11, 657:dias in luminis oras,
Lucr. 1, 22; so,Voluptas,
id. 2, 172:otia,
id. 5, 1389: profundum (cf. hals dia), Ov. M. 4, 537:sententia Catonis,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 32:poëmata,
Pers. 1, 31 et saep.—After the Aug. period divus became a frequent epithet for the deceased Roman emperors in the historians, and on coins and inscriptions, Suet. Dom. 23; Liv. Epit. 137.—dīvum, i, n., the sky, Varr. L. L. 5, § 65 Müll.—Esp. freq., sub divo, like sub Jove, under the open sky, in the open air, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19 Zumpt N. cr.; Varr. L. L. l. l.; Cels. 1, 2; Suet. Caes. 72; Verg. G. 3, 435; Hor. C. 2, 3, 23 et saep.:sub divum rapiam,
id. ib. 1, 18, 13. -
19 horrendus
horrĕo, ui, ēre, v. n. and a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.I.Lit. (for the most part only poet.;II.not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.:et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,
Ov. M. 8, 285:saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,
Tib. 2, 3, 23:horrentibus per totum corpus villis,
Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150:horrentes barbae,
Petr. 99:horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,
Plin. Pan. 81, 1:horrentes rubi,
Verg. G. 3, 315:horrentibus hastis,
id. A. 10, 178:horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,
Ov. F. 2, 348:rigidis setis,
id. M. 13, 846:horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,
Hor. Epod. 5, 27:pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,
Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33:duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,
Verg. A. 4, 366:silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,
Ov. M. 4, 778. —Transf.A.To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.1.In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare):2.corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,
Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—In partic.a.To shake, shiver with cold, rigere ( poet. and very rare):b.saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 213:horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,
Juv. 1, 93:sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,
Petr. 83.—To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).(α).Absol.:(β).totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9:arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,
Ov. M. 15, 516:scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,
Juv. 2, 122.—With acc.:(γ).si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:deorum (conscientiam) horrere,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:judicium et crimen,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.:ingrati animi crimen,
id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2:ipsam victoriam,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:nomen ipsum accusatoris,
Quint. 12, 7, 1:fragilitatis humanae vires,
Plin. Pan. 27, 1:pauperiem,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 9:onus,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 39:iratum mare,
id. Epod. 2, 6:nutum divitis,
id. Ep. 1, 18, 11:strictas secures trepida cervice,
Sil. 6, 695 et saep.:te Negligit aut horret,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.:quem dives amicus odit et horret,
id. ib. 1, 18, 25:horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,
Ov. P. 1, 3, 16:aciem ac tela horrere,
Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33:illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,
to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —With an inf. or relat.-clause:(δ).ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,
Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:horreo dicere,
Liv. 7, 40, 9:horret animus referre,
id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7:dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,
Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1:quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,
id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—With ne:c.eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,
Liv. 34, 4, 3.—To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare):B.quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,
Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188:animo horrere,
id. Dom. 55, 140:cogitatione,
Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.):2.possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,
Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495:Phoebus,
Stat. Th. 4, 1.—Trop.:A.horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,
Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,horrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough ( poet. and very rare):B.horrens Arcadius sus,
Lucr. 5, 25:horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,
Verg. A. 1, 165:horrentes Marte Latinos,
id. ib. 10, 237:horrensque feris altaribus Esus,
Luc. 1, 445.—hor-rendus, a, um, P. a.1.(Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,
Verg. A. 3, 26:truces horrendaeque imagines,
Plin. Pan. 52, 5:silva invia atque horrenda,
Liv. 9, 36, 1:Roma,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:rabies,
id. S. 2, 3, 323:diluvies,
id. C. 4, 14, 27:tempestas (with foeda),
Vell. 2, 100, 2:nox,
Ov. F. 6, 140:vox,
Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.:lex erat horrendi carminis,
Liv. 1, 26, 6:juvenis Parthis horrendus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 62:pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,
id. ib. 1, 8, 26:res horrenda relatu,
Ov. M. 15, 298:horrendum dictu!
Verg. A. 4, 454.— Neutr. adv.:belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,
Verg. A. 6, 288:arma Horrendum sonuere,
id. ib. 9, 732;12, 700: intonet horrendum,
Juv. 6, 485.— Plur.:horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,
Amm. 27, 10, 10.—In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable ( poet.):horrenda virgo (Camilla),
Verg. A. 11, 507:horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,
id. ib. 6, 10:tectum augustum, ingens... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,
id. ib. 7, 172. — Adv.: horrendē, dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3. -
20 horrens
horrĕo, ui, ēre, v. n. and a. [for horseo, kindred to Sanscr. hrish, to stand erect, to bristle], to stand on end, stand erect, to bristle.I.Lit. (for the most part only poet.;II.not in Ciceron. prose): in corpore pili, ut arista in spica hordei, horrent,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 49 Müll.; cf.:et setae densis similes hastilibus horrent,
Ov. M. 8, 285:saepe horrere sacros doluit Latona capillos,
Tib. 2, 3, 23:horrentibus per totum corpus villis,
Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 150:horrentes barbae,
Petr. 99:horrentibus scopulis gradum inferre,
Plin. Pan. 81, 1:horrentes rubi,
Verg. G. 3, 315:horrentibus hastis,
id. A. 10, 178:horrebant densis aspera crura pilis,
Ov. F. 2, 348:rigidis setis,
id. M. 13, 846:horret capillis ut marinus asperis Echinus aut currens aper,
Hor. Epod. 5, 27:pervigil ecce draco squamis crepitantibus horrens Sibilat,
Ov. H. 12, 101: densantur campis horrentia tela virorum, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P. (Ann. v. 288 Vahl.); cf.: hastis longis campus splendet et horret, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4 (Sat. v. 15 Vahl.); imitated Verg. A. 11, 602 Serv.; Liv. 44, 41, 6: mare cum horret fluctibus, is ruffled, rough, Att. ap. Non. 422, 33:duris cautibus horrens Caucasus,
Verg. A. 4, 366:silvis horrentia saxa fragosis,
Ov. M. 4, 778. —Transf.A.To move in an unsteady, shaking manner.1.In gen., to shake, tremble (very rare):2.corpus ut impulsae segetes Aquilonibus horret,
Ov. H. 10, 139; cf. horresco.—In partic.a.To shake, shiver with cold, rigere ( poet. and very rare):b.saepe etiam dominae, quamvis horrebis et ipse, Algentis manus est calfacienda sinu,
Ov. A. A. 2, 213:horrenti tunicam non reddere servo,
Juv. 1, 93:sola pruinosis horret facundia pannis,
Petr. 83.—To tremble, shudder, quake with fright; more freq. as a verb. act., with an object, to shudder or be frightened at, to tremble at, be afraid of (the class. signif. of the word, equally freq. in prose and poetry; cf.: exsecror, abominor, aversor, abhorreo, odi, exhorresco).(α).Absol.:(β).totus, Parmeno, Tremo horreoque, postquam aspexi hanc,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 4: Ph. Extimuit tum illa? Me. Horret corpus, cor salit, Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 9:arrectis auribus horrent Quadrupedes monstrique metu turbantur,
Ov. M. 15, 516:scilicet horreres majoraque monstra putares, si mulier vitulum ederet,
Juv. 2, 122.—With acc.:(γ).si qui imbecillius horrent dolorem et reformidant,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:deorum (conscientiam) horrere,
id. Fin. 1, 16, 51:judicium et crimen,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 29, § 74; cf.:ingrati animi crimen,
id. Att. 9, 2, A, 2:ipsam victoriam,
id. Fam. 7, 3, 2: Ariovisti crudelitatem, * Caes. B. G. 1, 32, 4:nomen ipsum accusatoris,
Quint. 12, 7, 1:fragilitatis humanae vires,
Plin. Pan. 27, 1:pauperiem,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 9:onus,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 39:iratum mare,
id. Epod. 2, 6:nutum divitis,
id. Ep. 1, 18, 11:strictas secures trepida cervice,
Sil. 6, 695 et saep.:te Negligit aut horret,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 64; cf.:quem dives amicus odit et horret,
id. ib. 1, 18, 25:horrent admotas vulnera cruda manus,
Ov. P. 1, 3, 16:aciem ac tela horrere,
Liv. 21, 53, 2; Curt. 7, 8, 4; 9, 2, 33:illam, quam laudibus effert, horrere,
to loathe, Juv. 6, 183. —With an inf. or relat.-clause:(δ).ego vestris armis armatus non horrui in hunc locum progredi,
Cic. Agr. 2, 37, 101:horreo dicere,
Liv. 7, 40, 9:horret animus referre,
id. 2, 37, 6; 28, 29, 4; Lact. 7, 15, 11; 6, 17, 7:dominatio tanto in odio est omnibus, ut quorsus eruptura sit, horreamus,
Cic. Att. 2, 21, 1; 1, 27, 1:quemadmodum accepturi sitis, horreo,
id. Phil. 7, 3, 8.—With ne:c.eo plus horreo, ne illae magis res nos ceperint, quam nos illas,
Liv. 34, 4, 3.—To shudder with amazement, to be astonished, amazed (very rare):B.quae mehercule ego, Crasse, cum tractantur in causis, horrere soleo,
Cic. de Or. 2, 45, 188:animo horrere,
id. Dom. 55, 140:cogitatione,
Curt. 9, 6, 12; cf. horrendus, 2.—To be of a rough or frightful appearance; to look rough, look frightful; to be terrible, dreadful, horrid (rare; mostly poet.):2.possetne uno tempore florere, deinde vicissim horrere terra,
Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 19: quaedam loca frigoribus hiemis intolerabiliter horrent, Col. 1, 4, 9; German. Progn. 2, 158; cf.: nec fera tempestas toto tamen horret in anno. Ov. F. 1, 495:Phoebus,
Stat. Th. 4, 1.—Trop.:A.horrebant saevis omnia verba minis,
Ov. R. Am. 664.—Hence,horrens, entis, P. a. (acc. to I.), bristly, shaggy, rough ( poet. and very rare):B.horrens Arcadius sus,
Lucr. 5, 25:horrentique atrum nemus imminet umbra,
Verg. A. 1, 165:horrentes Marte Latinos,
id. ib. 10, 237:horrensque feris altaribus Esus,
Luc. 1, 445.—hor-rendus, a, um, P. a.1.(Acc. to II. A. 2. b.) Dreadful, terrible, fearful, terrific, horrible (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.horrendum et dictu video mirabile monstrum,
Verg. A. 3, 26:truces horrendaeque imagines,
Plin. Pan. 52, 5:silva invia atque horrenda,
Liv. 9, 36, 1:Roma,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 45:rabies,
id. S. 2, 3, 323:diluvies,
id. C. 4, 14, 27:tempestas (with foeda),
Vell. 2, 100, 2:nox,
Ov. F. 6, 140:vox,
Val. Fl. 1, 210; cf.:lex erat horrendi carminis,
Liv. 1, 26, 6:juvenis Parthis horrendus,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 62:pallor utrasque Fecerat horrendas aspectu,
id. ib. 1, 8, 26:res horrenda relatu,
Ov. M. 15, 298:horrendum dictu!
Verg. A. 4, 454.— Neutr. adv.:belua Lernae Horrendum stridens,
Verg. A. 6, 288:arma Horrendum sonuere,
id. ib. 9, 732;12, 700: intonet horrendum,
Juv. 6, 485.— Plur.:horrenda circumsonantibus Alemannis,
Amm. 27, 10, 10.—In a good sense, wonderful, awful, venerable ( poet.):horrenda virgo (Camilla),
Verg. A. 11, 507:horrendae procul secreta Sibyllae,
id. ib. 6, 10:tectum augustum, ingens... Horrendum silvis et religione parentum,
id. ib. 7, 172. — Adv.: horrendē, dreadfully, Vulg. Sap. 6, 5; 17, 3.
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